The maker of the 1924 Cairo edition evidently did not understand the function of the mutating small alif: it is not a vowel sign but turns yāʾ or wāw into alif — in other words, a letter that looks like a yāʾ is an alif (alif bi‑šakl al‑yāʾ). In early Warš prints the mutating alif is correctly placed above the yāʾ; the Cairo edition, by contrast, places the sign sometimes, correctly sometimes not.
top: Warš prints; second: KFE; third UT0; fourth: Muṣḥaf al-Muʿallim, Tunis; 5thTaj
It should sit above yāʾ, not after it. In Morocco this is always the case, in KFE it is sometimes like it should be, sometimes not.
Mikāl is different from the others, because Warš and Qālun (Tunis) have /mikāʾil/. While here there is a hovering sign and a tooth/نبرة/letter, in the other cases there is just one letter. What KFE and UT are doing is just wrong: they often have useless tooth/نبرة !
This is the same scribal inconsistency, likely due to carelessness, that Otto Pretzl had already noticed.
I have added a last row in IPak. Here the dagger is neither a small alif, nor a mutating sign, but a ā-vowel sign; it belongs to the consonant; the tooth/nabra is mute.
So, it is not only Abū ʿUmar ʿUbaidah Muḥammad Saliḥ al-Banki who does not care, KFE and UT are not perfect either.
Here the last words from KHO, MNQ and Aryamehr. Yes, Ottomans write the yāʾ with its dots even when it stands for /ā/, yes, Persians put the marks somewhere (in the right order, but whereever).
not convined yet? Here is more to see: Algerian Warš the mutating small alif ON the tooth, KFC/UT Warš comme si, comme ça, UT-Ḥafṣ just bad:/ṣalāt/ is not the problem, nor is /abnē/ UT-Warš – with them I just show that with wau and with end-yāʾ even UT places the mutating alif properly: /mikaʾil/ has the /ī/ after the tooth – why?;
the rest shows that KFC/UT (and KFE before) write without thinking first; they have no idea were the mutating small alif should be placed.
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Showing posts with label tooth/nabra. Show all posts
Showing posts with label tooth/nabra. Show all posts
Tuesday, 11 August 2026
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mistake made, mistake copied
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