Ṣaddām Ḥusain prints

During the reign of Ṣaddām Ḥusain the (joined Sunni-Šiʿi) Diwān of Auqāf
reissued two Ottoman manuscripts:
one written by Muḥammad ʾAmīn Rušdī (MAR) +
one by Ḥasan Riḍā (ḤR) both non-berKenar.

A close look at the fatiḥa shows that they are identical.
Above on the left from a Turkish facsimile edition of Ḥasan Riḍa,
in the Middle the ʿIrāqī "ḤR", on the right the ʿIrāqī "MAR",
next page 3 from the two ʿIrāqī prints:

As the fatiḥa is identical, it is likely that it was written in both prints by the "improver" Hāšim Muḥammad al-Baġdādī, who fixed everything that was deamed "wrong" by al-Wāʾiẓ.

Two remarks:
ʿIrāq was not affected by the "revolution" of 1924.
While MAR differentites between /fī qulūbihim/ and /fĭ'l arḍi/, ḤR gets it all wrong
‒ I say: "wrong" because from Istanbul to Batavia the differentiation is the rule.

Last a comparison between the two Ottoman scribes and ʿUṯmān Ṭaha:
both place vowel signs often to the left of their base letter, the sukūn of the final mīm even before the kasra of the letter before!
(and ḤR's hā' has both a ǧazm and a kasra ‒ ???)
UT, on the other hand, places all signs at the proper place ‒ and the final mīm gets not sukūn, that is implied in the šadda on the following mīm.
Below from two early Moroccan prints, to show one of my points:
KFE was a switch from Asian to African.
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BHO 815

Many maṣāḥif are cross breeds.
UT combines the page layout of HOQz (Haǧǧ Ḥāfiẓ ʿUṯmān Ḫalīfa Qayiš­Zāde an-Nūrī al-Bur­durī = Küҫük Hafiz Osman = HO the Younger d. 1894) with the text of KFE2 (1952) without the after­word.
The Ḥaddād-Šamarlī com­bined the layout of MNQ 522 with the same 1952 text (including the after­word).
KFE1 (1924) crosses many Moroccan features with the eleven/twel­ve lines of BHO = Bülük Ḥafiẓ Osman = HO the ElderHâfız Osman (1642–1698)

If you say: the KFE has 827 pages, not 815.
you forget that the KFE was type set.
Just as the type set "child" of MNQ522 has 525 pages,
the child of BHO 815 has a few pages more.
Both a scribe and modern (!) IT can modify letter, con­nection and space bet­ween words to copy the page lay­out exactely,
metall type can not achieve justified lines exactly as in the handwritten "parent".

I critize German orientalists for largely ignoring India, Indo­nesian, and Africa.
They ignore Central Asia, Iran, Turkey too ‒ even the Levant and Meso­pota­mia.
They treat Egypt (now: pus Madina) as THE Musim world.
Many believe: the KFE has changed every­thing for all muslims.
Yes, after 1924 the Amiriyya stopped reprint­ing maṣā­ḥif in the Ottoman spelling
and in Egypt, private publisher mostly switched to it too ‒ some kept the old spell­ing, both as base text with a taf­sīr around, and for Qurʾān only.


Some know that in 1951 the ʿIrāqī state pub­lished a revisted Otto­man manu­script;
few know that it published another non ber­Kenar muṣ­ḥaf on 689 pages, written by Ḥasan Riḍā
Here together with with it as base text for a Turkish trans­lation

Of course there are expensive fac­similes, reproduc­ing the original faith­fully (while maṣāḥif for "lay" Muslims adopted the new stand­ard)

While the berKenar muṣḥaf written by Ḥasan Riḍā were printed in Turkey and his non-ber­Kenar one in ʿIrāq, the 815pp 11liner by Hafiz Osman the Elder was extremely success­ful in Syria: it was THE muṣḥaf before ʿUṯmān Ṭaha.
As usual there was no title; but: the kolophon was pro­minent

let's start with images from the first print I came across 1298/1881

Here images by a copy that Muḥammad Hozien acquired because it is the first print that has numbers after each verse (except the first two pages):

another Ottoman example is from 1304/1887

While the prints started in Istanbul, and most were made in Damuscus, the last is from Jerualam/Jodanian al-Quds 1380/

The information page before and the one com­ing next are not in the "normal" Syrian prints

Unlike the "normal" Syrian prints, the one from 1380 has elimi­nated most signs (see abvoe the list from al-Quds) be­cause they could confuse ‒ includ­ing the ih­mal signs (not in the list).
As typical for the time, it has a title page and ex­planat­ions of the remaining signs:

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