whether kasra draws the hamza sign below the baseline has nothing to do with the rasm, it is a convention, but it must be the same in all places. While both the Maġrib and India have hamza near kasra, Ottomans, Turks and Persians have it above the baseline.and most of the time (some were forgotten) when a sura ends with tanwīn it is changed to tanwīm because in 1924 it was assumed that after a sura the next one is recited without a fresh basmala. Since 1952 a basmala is assumed, hence instead of /an, un, in/ now: /am, um, im/. I will end with a horrific discovery for a German. In the English language there is a proper term for our "Flachdruck": pla·nog·ra·phy (plə-nŏg′rə-fē, plā-) n. A process for printing from a smooth surface, as lithography or offset. And there is a wrong one: li·thog·ra·phy (lĭ-thŏg′rə-fē) n. A printing process in which the image to be printed is rendered on a flat surface, as on sheet zinc or aluminum, and treated to retain ink while the nonimage areas are treated to repel ink. This is just wrong: "lithos" meaning "stone", not "zinc", nor "aluminum" The same mistake differently put: lithography 1. the art or process of producing an image on a flat, specially prepared stone, treating the items to be printed with a greasy substance to which ink adheres, and of taking impressions from this on paper. 2. a similar process in which the stone is replaced by a zinc or aluminum plate, often provided with a photosensitive surface for reproducing an image photographically. While the first definition is fine, the second is stupidly wrong. Why use a word with "stone" in it for a process with a metall plate, although there are proper terms for the process? Since the language has the specific "offset" and the general "planography", there is no need to use "lithography" for printing with metall plates. As much as I am happy with this 1980 reprint for Sharjah informing us of the printer, and the fact that it is an unchanged reproduction, I am horrified by the use of "lithography" for "offset" (knowing that it is not a personal idiocracy). thanks to Muhammad I. Hozien for providing this (and other images) from his huge collections of maṣāḥif. ‒ ‒
Tuesday, 3 December 2024
reprint
leaving the meaning partial reprint / offprint aside
"reprint" has two distinct meanings:
1. a reissue of a printed work using the same type, plates, etc, as the original
a new printing that is identical to an original; a reimpression.
a facsimile, a copy or reproduction of an old book, manuscript, map, art printthat is as true to the original source as possible.
a new impression, without alteration, of a book or other printed work.
2. a reproduction in print of matter already printed, a new impression, with minor alterations.
We have seen that there are no reprints in the strict sense of the King Fuʾād Edition of 1924 at all.
The editions 1925 to 1929 are different in size and (slightly) in content.
The large KFE II of 1952 has the same size but has almost a thousand changes in content (but not those of 1925 to '29).
The small kfe II after 1952 are made with the 1925 plates but with about a hundred changes introduced in 1952. ‒
I'd say: their text is without value, because it is a mix of two different editions, the one made by al-Husainī al-Ḥaddād and the one made under the auspicies of aḍ-Ḍabbāʿ.
Now, let's have a look as the Hyderabad edition of 1938.
It is a double reprint in the second meaning:
double, because of the English translation from 1930 by M.M. Pickthall, and the 1924 Amiriyya print, the KFE I.
But there are improvements in both part:
The English text has four minor changes in verse numbering:
with a kind of justification in English and Urdu
The Arab text is page and line identical with KFE I,
but has a technical disadvantage (kasra being below the letters instead being integrated into the descenders like م)
kasra, kasratan, sequential kasratan, kasratan+mīm, and other signs below the base line (like sīn)
and minor improvement to make it acceptable to Indian Muslims.
/ʾallah/ with (short) kasra is changed into /ʾallāh/ with a (long) dagger;
ruquʿāt are added.
While there was no second impression in Hyderabad,
in 1976, the year of a huge The World of Islam Festival in London, George Allen & Unwin made a reprint: with the unchanged original and an added foreword
this was reprinted in 1979, and in 1980 for Sharjah.
In the 1970s there were "reprints" in the second meaning (with slight changes) in Bairut:
Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnāni/al-Maṣrī printed (in one volume on Bible paper, just as in London)
bilingual editions (with Pickthall's English translation, and with the French one by Denise Masson)
for the Lybian World Islamic Call Society.
In these "reprints" some mistakes in the 1924 text mentioned in KFE II 1952 are changed: like (/kalimat, qāʾim/ ...)
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