orthography (one for two)

And there is the opposite: one tooth (one letter) where two are needed.
I guess this a remnant of the early Hiǧazi pro­noun­ciation being notated in the earliest manu­scripts with few hamzat except at the beginn­ing of a word.
I show just two examples:
Mīkāl <--> Mikāʾīl because here the two tradents of ʿĀṣim diverge:

While the normal way is a "normal" yāʾ and an hover­ing hamza above (or with kasra: below) the connection.
In 26:176 in India the one yāʾ is ambi­guous:
the hamza above is a bit before,
the yāʾ-dots are a bit after the tooth.

in the top lines what is possible on computers (Unicode: hover­ing hamza)


in the middle Indian handwritten ambiguous solutions.




in the bottom line: Warš with one yāʾ